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The LAB color space (specifically CIELAB or CIE L*a*b*) is a color standard defined by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) in 1976. It represents colors with three dimensions: 'L' for lightness (ranging from 0 for black to 100 for white), 'a' for the green-red color component, and 'b' for the blue-yellow color component. Unlike RGB or CMYK, LAB is designed to be device-independent, meaning it defines colors based on human perception rather than how they are produced by a specific screen or printer. This makes it an crucial intermediate space for converting between different color profiles.
The LCH color code stands for Lightness, Chroma, and Hue. It is a cylindrical representation of the CIELAB (LAB) color space, designed to be more intuitive for human understanding. 'Lightness' represents the brightness of the color, 'Chroma' indicates the intensity or saturation, and 'Hue' specifies the color itself (e.g., red, blue, green) as an angle on the color wheel. LCH is particularly valued in design and colorimetry for its perceptual uniformity, meaning that changes in numerical values correspond relatively well to visual changes perceived by the human eye.